Reading:
There are many important steps to teach any reading lesson to any grade.
The lesson is divided into: introduction ( pre-reading ) , the body of the lesson ( during reading ) and the summery (after reading).
Introduction:
You can start the lesson with appropriate pictures , proverbs ,short stories….etc.
For example, if the lesson is about food , we can start the lesson with this proverb : An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
U can write this proverb on the board and ask a student to read. Then say what do you understand from it. With many questions, sts can guess the title.
After that, ask sts to open their books . Ask sts to read the title , the subheading and the caption.
Ask : How many paragraphs are there ?
Talk about the pictures if they are found.
Silent Reading:
Write many questions on the board the ask sts to read them.
Ask sts to read the passage silently to answer ( usually I ask sts to underline the answers) giving questions. ( specify time ).
Then ask sts to stop reading and answer the questions orally.
Reading and Discussion: :
Ask sts to read paragraphs individually ( Here it depends on the level of ur students )
If they are secondary , ask excellent sts to read. ( you don’t need to read)
After a student finish reading the paragraph, discuss it with sts by asking them many questions about it and explain the new words.
You can present the new words by using different pictures , simple examples or acting it.
If the passage is long, don’t read all of it but the most important idea in each paragraph.
After Reading :
This is time of evaluation
It is better to use a ****sheet and ask sts to **** in groups. ( it is important to specify time)
I think these are the most important steps in teaching reading.
Writing.
Introduction:
Ask sts to open their book.
Ask What kind of lesson is it ?
Ask what are the main rules to write a paragraph ?
Ask sts to read the title ?
The body of the lesson:
Ask sts to read what is mentioned in the book: notes , questions …etc.
Ask sts to make sentences from the giving notes or questions orally.
Ask sts to **** in group and write a paragraph.
Make sure every sts in the group write at least a sentence.
The conclusion:
Check the paragraphs .
Ask different groups to read the written paragraph.
My students don't like this kind of lesson . So I help them by using this method:
I usually write questions belonging to the topic they have to write about it.
Then I ask sts to answer them and I tell them by answering them you can write a paragrapgh . So they feel comfortable and try to write .
Grammar:
There many ways to teach grammar like deductive and inductivemethod. But I like the inductive one:
So, Write different sentences including the new structure the have to learn.
Discuss the structure with different examples.
Ask students to summarize the structre.
Conclusion:
Use ****sheet.
Ask them to summarize the lesson.
Word Study
Introduction
I usually ask sts to open their book and ask them " What kind of lesson is it ?"
How many words are there on the page ?
Then I ask them to underline the meanings of the words.
The body of the lesson:
You may present the words by using many ways and aids like pictures , short stories , simple examples , act-out the word ...etc.
Conclusion
you can end the lesson by using a ****sheet , or playing different games belonging to word study.
Finally, this is my simple way to teach different kind of lesson.
I hope you find it useful.
Don't forget to give sts home****. It is important to make them revise the lesson at home.
Class Managementادارة الصف
Class management refers to the organization of the classroom in order to create the most effective learning environment class control.
Two factors determine class management .. teacher behavior and classroom environment .
&&Teacher behavior ..the teacher has many roles inside and outside the classroom ..
1- Professionalism .. the teacher should look and behave as a professional , she should 1- wear a suitable attire , 2- have a suitable hair style and 3- use suitable make-up , much jewelers is not advisable .
2- Eye contact ,,it means looking to a student while talking to her , it is a way of keeping students attentive and organizing class **** .
3- Gestures and facial expressions ,, a teacher uses both verbal and non-verbal communication forms , can be used in the following purposes ; 1- to present the meaning of new words and structure , 2- to manage drill
4- Position and movement ,, 1-the teacher stands in the front when presenting the new material , 2- she should be in the middle or the back during practice to supervise class **** ,3-she should avoid sitting on a student's desk
*Movements ; 1- move around the class to give help in pair and group **** , 2 avoid unnecessary movement and 3- avoid distract students while listening to a tape .
5- Voice volume ,, the teacher should change her voice volume according to ; 1- the activity being performed , 2- the size of class , 3- the stage of lesson .
* A high volume : used when the teacher wants to quiet the class and when she moves from one stage to another .
* A normal volume ; used when giving a language model during presentation and drill .
* A soft volume ; used when giving help during group **** .
&& Classroom Environment .. it refers to the physical , social and psychological conditions in which the teaching and learning processes take place .
• Rules which help to create the most effective classroom environment ;
1-lite and airy rooms .
2- seating ,, the teacher should make sure that every students can see the blackboard
3- instruction giving ,,instructions are given for many reasons … 1- to keep discipline , 2- to arrange classroom , 3- and to carry out activities .
5- Checking attendance ,, is good to recognize students' names , teacher should follow certain policy with the late comers .
6- Monitoring ,, it refers to the situation where the teacher observes and listens to what students do .
The General Aims for Teaching English for the Elementary Stage
By the end of the Elementary Stage and within the assigned structures for this stage, pupils should be able to :
1- learn the basic of the English Language that would form the foundation for its mastery in the future.
2- use the basic structures of English sentences.
3- learn the core vocabulary assigned for this stage.
4- listen and understand simple English Language.
5- express themselves orally using simple English Language.
6- read and understand simple written English Language materials.
7- write simple guided sentences in English Language.
8- appreciate the importance of English, as an international language of communication, for introducing Islam, The Islamic nation’s culture and the cultural achievements of Muslims to other nations.
9- appreciate the importance of English Language, as an international language communication, to benefit from the achievements of other cultures in accordance with Islam.
Class management refers to the organization of the classroom in order to create the most effective learning environment class control.
Two factors determine class management .. teacher behavior and classroom environment .
&&Teacher behavior ..the teacher has many roles inside and outside the classroom ..
1- Professionalism .. the teacher should look and behave as a professional , she should 1- wear a suitable attire , 2- have a suitable hair style and 3- use suitable make-up , much jewelers is not advisable .
2- Eye contact ,,it means looking to a student while talking to her , it is a way of keeping students attentive and organizing class **** .
3- Gestures and facial expressions ,, a teacher uses both verbal and non-verbal communication forms , can be used in the following purposes ; 1- to present the meaning of new words and structure , 2- to manage drill
4- Position and movement ,, 1-the teacher stands in the front when presenting the new material , 2- she should be in the middle or the back during practice to supervise class **** ,3-she should avoid sitting on a student's desk
*Movements ; 1- move around the class to give help in pair and group **** , 2 avoid unnecessary movement and 3- avoid distract students while listening to a tape .
5- Voice volume ,, the teacher should change her voice volume according to ; 1- the activity being performed , 2- the size of class , 3- the stage of lesson .
* A high volume : used when the teacher wants to quiet the class and when she moves from one stage to another .
* A normal volume ; used when giving a language model during presentation and drill .
* A soft volume ; used when giving help during group **** .
&& Classroom Environment .. it refers to the physical , social and psychological conditions in which the teaching and learning processes take place .
• Rules which help to create the most effective classroom environment ;
1-lite and airy rooms .
2- seating ,, the teacher should make sure that every students can see the blackboard
3- instruction giving ,,instructions are given for many reasons … 1- to keep discipline , 2- to arrange classroom , 3- and to carry out activities .
5- Checking attendance ,, is good to recognize students' names , teacher should follow certain policy with the late comers .
6- Monitoring ,, it refers to the situation where the teacher observes and listens to what students do .
The General Aims for Teaching English for the Elementary Stage
By the end of the Elementary Stage and within the assigned structures for this stage, pupils should be able to :
1- learn the basic of the English Language that would form the foundation for its mastery in the future.
2- use the basic structures of English sentences.
3- learn the core vocabulary assigned for this stage.
4- listen and understand simple English Language.
5- express themselves orally using simple English Language.
6- read and understand simple written English Language materials.
7- write simple guided sentences in English Language.
8- appreciate the importance of English, as an international language of communication, for introducing Islam, The Islamic nation’s culture and the cultural achievements of Muslims to other nations.
9- appreciate the importance of English Language, as an international language communication, to benefit from the achievements of other cultures in accordance with Islam.
The General Aims for Teaching English for the itermediate Stage
1- To produce in three years an individual who is able to speak, read, and listen with understanding.
2- To write about simple subject incident.
3- To give pupils’ who finish their third year enough knowledge of the language.
4- To give pupils’ who proceed the secondary stage a sound foundation on which to build their future studies.
5- To lay the foundation of English so that later they are be able to preach their religion to English speakers refute the errors of the enemies of Islam.
The General Aims for Teaching English for the secondary Stage
(1). To develop in the learners the ability to listen, read and understand English.
(2). To train pupils’ ears to understand English uttered by speakers.
(3). To help pupils read extensive readings for information, pleasure and enlightenment.
(4). To help pupils reinforce grammatical points already taught.
(5). To teach pupils to practice important writing techniques.
(6). To develop in the learners the ability to promote the writing skill until they are able to write a complete paragraph and are ready to do any writing required in the university or in life.
In conclusion, we can say that teaching English in secondary school aims at expanding the students’ knowledge and enabling them to use English for study
And for communicating with others. It is the teacher’s job to encourage the Students to express themselves in simple, correct English and cultivate in them The habit of listening to passages containing many words and the habit of writing in a correct way.
Steps of lesson planning:
A/Beginning: It lasts approximately 7 minutes. It includes
greeting students saying Good morning ,good afternoon-
oral revision of previous material. T asks oral questions without writing those
questions on the blackboard.
checking home.-
warming up. T hints to the new lesson by using a picture, referring to a certain situation-
or calling an incident to students' memories
B/New material
This stage lasts 30 minutes. It includes the following parts:
-objectives
-presentation
-drill
-practice
-ending(includes evaluation Ss'performance and giving Ss the home****)
D/Farewell
T says good-bye to Ss.She may give an encouraging remark
Such as (you have done well today) to be eager for the next meeting
With the English language teacher.
steps of teaching a new word:
1/T says the word three times while Ss listen.
2/T present the meaning of the word by
Using of the above mentioned techniques.
3/Ss repeat after the teacher in chorus , in groups , individually.
4/T uses the word in a sentence.
5/Ss repeat the sentence individually.
6/T writes the word on the bb and reads it.
7/Ss write it on their notebooks.
8/T asks questions to check for Ss' comprehension.
Techniques of teaching a new word:
1/Using visual aids . T uses one of the following eye-oriented
devices:
-real objects ; to teach the word (box)
The teacher brings a box.T can hold a pencil when teaching
The word "pencil"
-pictures or picture cards.
-maps and stamps(useful to teach nationalities , countries or currencies)
-blackboard and drawings.
-actions and facial expressions.
-wallcharts.
-examples.(wear: we wear heavy clothes in winter)
-synonyms and antonym.
-guessing the meaning of the word through the context .
1- To produce in three years an individual who is able to speak, read, and listen with understanding.
2- To write about simple subject incident.
3- To give pupils’ who finish their third year enough knowledge of the language.
4- To give pupils’ who proceed the secondary stage a sound foundation on which to build their future studies.
5- To lay the foundation of English so that later they are be able to preach their religion to English speakers refute the errors of the enemies of Islam.
The General Aims for Teaching English for the secondary Stage
(1). To develop in the learners the ability to listen, read and understand English.
(2). To train pupils’ ears to understand English uttered by speakers.
(3). To help pupils read extensive readings for information, pleasure and enlightenment.
(4). To help pupils reinforce grammatical points already taught.
(5). To teach pupils to practice important writing techniques.
(6). To develop in the learners the ability to promote the writing skill until they are able to write a complete paragraph and are ready to do any writing required in the university or in life.
In conclusion, we can say that teaching English in secondary school aims at expanding the students’ knowledge and enabling them to use English for study
And for communicating with others. It is the teacher’s job to encourage the Students to express themselves in simple, correct English and cultivate in them The habit of listening to passages containing many words and the habit of writing in a correct way.
Steps of lesson planning:
A/Beginning: It lasts approximately 7 minutes. It includes
greeting students saying Good morning ,good afternoon-
oral revision of previous material. T asks oral questions without writing those
questions on the blackboard.
checking home.-
warming up. T hints to the new lesson by using a picture, referring to a certain situation-
or calling an incident to students' memories
B/New material
This stage lasts 30 minutes. It includes the following parts:
-objectives
-presentation
-drill
-practice
-ending(includes evaluation Ss'performance and giving Ss the home****)
D/Farewell
T says good-bye to Ss.She may give an encouraging remark
Such as (you have done well today) to be eager for the next meeting
With the English language teacher.
steps of teaching a new word:
1/T says the word three times while Ss listen.
2/T present the meaning of the word by
Using of the above mentioned techniques.
3/Ss repeat after the teacher in chorus , in groups , individually.
4/T uses the word in a sentence.
5/Ss repeat the sentence individually.
6/T writes the word on the bb and reads it.
7/Ss write it on their notebooks.
8/T asks questions to check for Ss' comprehension.
Techniques of teaching a new word:
1/Using visual aids . T uses one of the following eye-oriented
devices:
-real objects ; to teach the word (box)
The teacher brings a box.T can hold a pencil when teaching
The word "pencil"
-pictures or picture cards.
-maps and stamps(useful to teach nationalities , countries or currencies)
-blackboard and drawings.
-actions and facial expressions.
-wallcharts.
-examples.(wear: we wear heavy clothes in winter)
-synonyms and antonym.
-guessing the meaning of the word through the context .
Daily lessonplanning طريقةالتحضير الدرس
Lesson planning is important because it helps the teacher to ;
1- specify the objectives that are to be achieved .
2- prepare the teaching aids that will be needed .
3- select words and sentences appropriate to learner's level .
Specify the suitable amount of time required to cover the intended material .
** steps of lesson planning ..
A- Beginning ,,
It lasts about 7 minutes ,, includes ..
1- Greeting students
2- Oral revision of previous material
3- Checking home****
B- New material ,,
This stage is the backbone of the lesson , it lasts about 30 minutes , includes ,
1- Objectives ,,teacher can drive the lesson objectives from the following sources ,, 1- the teacher's guide . 2- the title of the lesson . 3- the parts in bold type in the lesson . 4- the repeated exercises that follow the reading text
C – presentation,,
D-practice ,, is the least stage in the lesson . the aim is to give students the chance to **** on their own and to use language they have been presented for communication .
E-Ending ,, it lasts 8minutes , teacher does the following ,,
1- Teacher evaluates students performance by asking them .. 2- teacher assigns the home****.
F-farewell ,, teacher says goodbye to students .
The Main Stages of Lessonالمراحل الاساسية للدرس
1- Presentation ,, the teacher presents new words or structure , gives example , writes them on the board …. Etc
2- Practice ,, students practice using words or structures in a controlled way .
3- Production ,,students use language they have learn it to express themselves more freely.
4- Reading ,, students read a text and answer questions .
5- Listening ,, the teacher read reads a text or dialogue while students listen and answer questions , or students listen to a cassette .
6- Review ,, the teacher reviews language learnt in a previous lesson to refresh students' memories .
Using the Blackboardاستخدام السبورة
Lesson planning is important because it helps the teacher to ;
1- specify the objectives that are to be achieved .
2- prepare the teaching aids that will be needed .
3- select words and sentences appropriate to learner's level .
Specify the suitable amount of time required to cover the intended material .
** steps of lesson planning ..
A- Beginning ,,
It lasts about 7 minutes ,, includes ..
1- Greeting students
2- Oral revision of previous material
3- Checking home****
B- New material ,,
This stage is the backbone of the lesson , it lasts about 30 minutes , includes ,
1- Objectives ,,teacher can drive the lesson objectives from the following sources ,, 1- the teacher's guide . 2- the title of the lesson . 3- the parts in bold type in the lesson . 4- the repeated exercises that follow the reading text
C – presentation,,
D-practice ,, is the least stage in the lesson . the aim is to give students the chance to **** on their own and to use language they have been presented for communication .
E-Ending ,, it lasts 8minutes , teacher does the following ,,
1- Teacher evaluates students performance by asking them .. 2- teacher assigns the home****.
F-farewell ,, teacher says goodbye to students .
The Main Stages of Lessonالمراحل الاساسية للدرس
1- Presentation ,, the teacher presents new words or structure , gives example , writes them on the board …. Etc
2- Practice ,, students practice using words or structures in a controlled way .
3- Production ,,students use language they have learn it to express themselves more freely.
4- Reading ,, students read a text and answer questions .
5- Listening ,, the teacher read reads a text or dialogue while students listen and answer questions , or students listen to a cassette .
6- Review ,, the teacher reviews language learnt in a previous lesson to refresh students' memories .
Using the Blackboardاستخدام السبورة
الصفحة الأخيرة
Before the lesson :
you have to prepare yourself very well. ( How )
. You have to ask yourself the most important question before preparing the lesson : What do I want students to learn ? ; What should they learn from this lesson ?
If you know the answer , everything will be easy and clear.
Preparation:
Preparation is the first step before entering the classroom. Preparation is the most important step in your plan.
Start to prepare for the lesson after answering the previous question . . : " What do I want students to learn ?"
You have to prepare your lesson , ideas and things that you will use very well.
How to prepare the lesson:
As you know , it is important to divide the lesson into an introduction , body of the lesson and the conclusion .
The introduction is very important part in the lesson . Try to make it successful . ( How? )
At the beginning , you have to attract the students' attention to the lesson . You have to make them like the lesson and wait the rest of it. Try to connect the lesson with anything they like e.g. hobbies , books , novels , food , malls , family , friends ,schools, habits, customs …etc. In this step , you can make them speak about things they like or they don’t.
The body of the lesson :
Here , you present the lesson step by step after the introduction. There are different kinds to present the lesson according to its kind.
The conclusion :
It is the last step. It is time of evaluation . Also, you have to conclude the lesson and summarize it.
Always try to connect the lesson with different things in their real life.
Always ask students Why …? What doy you think of …… ? Do you like this or that ? Why ?
Now let's start with different kinds of lesson:
Discussion
Reading
Writing
Grammar
Word study
Discussion Lessons:
Usually, it is the first lesson in each new unit.
For me, it is the most interesting lesson because you have to help sts to speak and to express their feelings and ideas.
Introduction:
In this lesson, it is nice to use pictures, short stories , proverbs or any real things as possiple as you can.You can start the lesson by showing them for example pictures belonging to the lesson the start discussion .
What do you see ?
What do you think of ……………..?
Do you like it ? Why ?
IS it …..?
Are they ……………?
You can ask many different questions . You can ask weak sts very very simple questions you know that they know the answers . In this way , you encourage and help them to be more confident . Then you can verify the kinds of questions to them next days.
The body of the lesson
You have to use the book.
Ask sts to read the title .
Ask sts about the pictures if they are found.
Discuss the ideas of the lesson by using different things like pictures .
Ask sts to read the mentioned questions and answer them.
The conclusion:
Summarize the lesson . You can ask them to summarize it. You can ask sts what do you learn today?
Evaluate the students by using ****sheet.
In this lesson , it is nice to ask them to complete a dialogue.
Don't forget to give sts home****. It is important to make them revise the lesson at home.