أعراض هالمرض SJOGREN`S SYNDROME ... واللي يعرف عنه أي شي يدخل

هلا اختي ماتشوفين شر
الأخوات كفوا و وفوا
زي ماقالوا هو مرض ذاتي المناعة يصيب المفصل ويتسبب في جفاف الأماكن الرطبة في الجسم
بالنسبة الى الدواء الي وصفه الطبيب هذا للتخفيف من حدة الألم بس مايعالج مشاكل جفاف العين وباقي المناطق هذا الي حصلته عنه بس انجلش بس اتمنى انو يفيدك
Sjِgren's Syndrome

In 1933, Swedish physician Henrik Sjِgren observed a large number of his female patients were experiencing dry eyes and mouths along with their arthritis symptoms. The condition became known as Sjِgren’s syndrome.

Sjِgren’s syndrome is an arthritis-related disease that can affect several organs. Its most common effect is on the moisture-producing glands, including those of the eyes and mouth. It can cause extremely dry eyes (sometimes described as the feeling of sand in the eyes or a burning sensation), extremely dry mouth and throat, dental cavities from lack of saliva, enlarged glands near the jaw, vaginal dryness and fatigue, as well as joint pain, stiffness and swelling. Less common symptoms include rashes, numbness, and inflammation of the lungs, kidneys or liver.

What Causes It?

Sjِgren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease, a condition characterized by the body’s inability to distinguish healthy cells from foreign substances. In Sjِgren’s, a type of white blood cell known as a lymphocyte attacks moisture-producing glands, such as tear and salivary glands, and in some cases the lungs, kidneys, liver, skin, nerves or joints.

Sjِgren’s affects an estimated two to four million Americans. It is considered primary when it occurs alone. Primary Sjِgren’s causes salivary gland swelling, lung, liver, nerve and skin involvement, as well as dry eyes and dry mouth. Most cases are secondary, meaning they occur along with other autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.

Who Gets Sjِgren’s?

A major risk factor for developing Sjِgren’s is being a postmenopausal woman. It occurs less commonly in younger women, children and men of any age. Other risk factors include having:


an autoimmune disease, such as lupus, vasculitis, thyroid disease or scleroderma.

a family member with Sjِgren’s.
How is Sjِgren’s Diagnosed?

Sjِgren’s syndrome cannot be solely diagnosed by the presence of dry eyes and dry mouth. Many other diseases, such as sarcoidosis, can cause signs that resemble Sjِgren’s. Also, side effects of certain medications (tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines and radiation treatments of the head and neck) can mimic the dry eyes and dry mouth symptoms of Sjِgren’s syndrome. Diagnosis is based on a complete physical examination, medical history evaluation and the following tests:

Eyes


Slit-lamp test to detect damage to the surface of the eye from eye dryness by using a dye that exposes eroded areas of the conjunctiva (the membrane that covers the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids).

Schirmer test to reveal the degree of dryness in the eyes by placing a small strip of filter paper beneath the lower lid and measuring the amount of tears produced.
Mouth


Lip biopsy to show inflammation of the salivary glands.
Blood


Blood tests to detect antibodies, such as rheumatoid factor, ANA, anti-SSA or anti-SSB, which are associated with primary Sjِgren’s syndrome.
How is Sjِgren’s Treated?

There is no cure for Sjِgren’s, but it can be treated effectively. Treatment typically involves medications and other measures that relieve the common symptoms of the condition. Exercise and proper nutrition may help with the fatigue often associated with Sjِgren’s syndrome.

In addition, drinking water frequently, avoiding cigarette smoke, brushing with fluoride toothpaste after every meal and having frequent dental check-ups can keep symptoms under control.

Following are treatments for some of the specific symptoms of Sjِgren’s syndrome:

Prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) artificial tears and eye drops help with the discomfort of dry eyes by lubricating the surface of the eyes.
Water, sugar-free gum or candy and prescription or OTC mouth gels, tablets and sprays may relieve mouth dryness by stimulating salivary glands or moistening the mouth.
Glucocorticoids (such as prednisone) may be prescribed if muscles, nerves or lungs are affected.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs help reduce joint pain and stiffness and ease muscle aches.
Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) helps relieve joint pain, rashes and fatigue.
Estrogen creams can ease vaginal dryness common to Sjِgren’s and may relieve pain during intercourse.

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