English spelling rules

سمية عزيزتي للاسف صعب اطبق اقتراحك - لاني بلخص هذه القواعد وبختار التمارين من كتب وبطبعها على الكمبيوتر لما يكون عندي وقت فراغ بعد الدوام.

Verbs ending in a silent e
When a regular verb ends in a silent e, only the letter d must be added in order to form the past participle. For example

close- closed

Verbs ending in y
When a regular verb ends in y immediately preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to i before the ending ed is added. For example:
study- studied

ملاحظة:
However, when a regular verb ends in y immediately preceded by a vowel, the y is not changed before the ending ed is added. For example:
play-played


. Verbs ending in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel
The rules concerning the doubling of final consonants which apply when adding the ending ing to form the present participle also apply when adding the ending ed to form the past participle.

Thus, when a one-syllable verb ends in a single consonant other than w, x or y immediately preceded by a single vowel, the final consonant must be doubled before the ending ed is added to form the past participle. In the following examples, the consonants which have been doubled are underlined. For example:

rub- rubbed

When a verb of more than one syllable ends in a single consonant other than w, x or y immediately preceded by a single vowel, the final consonant is doubled before the ending ed only when the last syllable of the verb is pronounced with the heaviest stress. In the following examples, the syllables pronounced with the heaviest stress are underlined. For example:
permit- permitted


If the final syllable is not pronounced with the heaviest stress, the final consonant is not doubled before ed is added.
to limit- limited

ملاحظة:
The final consonants w, x and y are never doubled when the ending ed is added. For example:

follow- followed

ملاحظة:
It should also be noted that final consonants immediately preceded by two vowels are not doubled when the ending ed is added. For example:

to greet- greeted


وهكذا انهينا الموضوع الرابع بحمده تعالى